Modo Energy provides power market modeling and forecasting across multiple regions globally. Our models capture the unique characteristics and market structures of each region.
Regions
ERCOT
Texas
Nodal (2026-2034) and Zonal (2026-2050)
NEM
Australia
Zonal modeling across all regions
Great Britain
GB power market
GSP-level location modeling
Germany
German power market
National modeling
Spain
Spanish power market
National modeling
Italy
Italian power market
Zonal modeling (7 bidding zones)
Poland
Polish power market
National modeling
Eastern Interconnection
ISO-NE, MISO, NYISO, PJM
Zonal modeling across the Eastern Interconnection
SPP
Southwest Power Pool
18-zone SPP footprint, energy-only market
WECC
California
Zonal modeling across WECC
Model Comparison
| Region | Time Resolution | Spatial Resolution | Key Features |
|---|---|---|---|
| ERCOT | Hourly | Nodal (2026-2034) Zonal (2026-2050) |
Unit commitment, ORDC, Generic transmission constraints |
| Eastern Interconnection | Hourly | Zonal (ISO-NE 8, MISO 10, NYISO 11, PJM 20) | Two-stage unit commitment and dispatch, RGGI emissions, per-ISO capacity markets, ancillary services, multi-ISO simulation |
| SPP | Hourly | Zonal (18-zone SPP footprint) | Two-stage unit commitment and dispatch, energy-only market, four operating reserve products |
| WECC (California) | Hourly | Zonal | Unit commitment, Duck curve modeling, Path constraints |
| NEM | 5-minute | Regional/Zonal | Co-optimized energy and FCAS, Capacity expansion |
| Great Britain | 15-minute | GSP-level | Fully interconnected European model, TNUoS, DUoS, Balancing Mechanism |
| Germany | 15-minute | National | Fully interconnected European model, Day-ahead and intraday optimization |
| Spain | 15-minute | National | Fully interconnected European model, Day-ahead and intraday optimization |
| Italy | 15-minute | Zonal (7 bidding zones) | Fully interconnected European model, Day-ahead and intraday optimization, MACSE storage mechanism |
| Poland | 15-minute | National | Fully interconnected European model, Day-ahead energy, asymmetric FCR and aFRR, PICASSO aFRR energy |
Region Details
ERCOT
- Nodal modeling at the substation level from 2026-2034
- Zonal modeling at load zone level (North, South, Houston, West) from 2026-2050
- Modeling horizon extends to 2050
Eastern Interconnection
- Hourly zonal production cost model spanning the Eastern Interconnection, solved in a single optimization with transmission flows between ISOs
- Released ISOs: ISO-NE (8 load zones), MISO (10 Local Resource Zones, LRZ1-10), NYISO (11 load zones, A through K), and PJM (20 transmission zones)
- Two-stage unit commitment and economic dispatch with directional wheeling hurdle rates between zones
- Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) cap-and-trade CO2 constraint for generators in member states
- Capacity markets modeled per ISO: ISO-NE Forward Capacity Auction (FCA) and Capacity Auction Reform (CAR-PD/CAR-SA); MISO seasonal Planning Resource Auction; NYISO ICAP demand curve; PJM Reliability Pricing Model
- Ancillary-services revenues valued per ISO
- Modeling horizon extends from 2026 through 2050
SPP
- 18-zone SPP footprint
- Two-stage unit commitment and economic dispatch
- Energy-only market with Day-Ahead and Real-Time Balancing
- Four operating reserve products: regulation-up, regulation-down, spinning, and supplemental
WECC (California)
- Zonal modeling across 13 WECC Balancing Authorities with focus on SCE, SDGE, and PG&E
- Duck curve and overgeneration modeling
- Modeling horizon extends to 2050
NEM
- Five-minute granularity across Australia’s National Electricity Market
- Co-optimized energy and FCAS markets
- Capacity expansion modeling for batteries, renewables, and gas
Great Britain
- Part of fully interconnected European model at 15-minute resolution
- Day-ahead, intraday, and Balancing Mechanism modeling
- TNUoS charges, triad revenues, and embedded export tariffs
- DUoS charges with red/amber/green tariff structures
Germany
- Part of fully interconnected European model at 15-minute resolution
- Day-ahead and intraday market optimization
Spain
- Part of fully interconnected European model at 15-minute resolution
- Day-ahead and intraday market optimization
Italy
- Part of fully interconnected European model at 15-minute resolution
- Zonal pricing across seven bidding zones (North, Centre-North, Centre-South, South, Calabria, Sicily, Sardinia)
- Day-ahead and intraday market optimization
- MACSE storage capacity mechanism
Poland
- Part of fully interconnected European model at 15-minute resolution
- Day-ahead energy arbitrage as the wholesale revenue stream
- Asymmetric FCR and aFRR capacity, with PICASSO aFRR energy from July 2025
- Revenues modelled in Polish złoty (PLN)