Battery Dispatch

How the model optimises battery operation to maximise revenues.

How does the dispatch model work?

The dispatch model simulates how a battery would operate in each market to maximise total revenue. It decides when to charge, discharge, or provide grid services based on price forecasts.

Key inputs

  • Power capacity (MW): Maximum rate of charge/discharge
  • Energy capacity (MWh): AC useable energy capacity at point of connection — the energy the battery can actually export to the grid, measured at the meter (determines duration)
  • Round-trip efficiency: Measured at point of connection, including all losses in the round-trip (~88% default). Applied during the charging phase to calculate correct import volumes
  • Cycling limits: Maximum cycles per day to protect warranty

What the model optimises

  • Wholesale arbitrage: Buy low, sell high across day-ahead and intraday markets
  • Ancillary services: Reserve capacity for frequency response and other grid services
  • Co-located renewables: When paired with solar/wind, optimise combined export

Key assumptions

  • Perfect foresight: The model knows future prices, then applies calibration to reflect real-world uncertainty
  • Physical constraints: Respects all battery physics including ramp rates and state of charge limits
  • No simultaneous charge/discharge: The battery cannot charge and discharge at the same time